In this final segment, Prof. Caplan discusses: Mesenchymal stem cells make anti-bacterial molecules, How retro-orbital injections of human MSCs cure mice with cystic fibrosis infected by pneumonia aeruginosa 70% of the time, The process by which MSCs kill bacteria in the body, Clinical trial for using MSCs to treat sepsis, “MSCs are drug stores for sites of injury or inflammation. They are site regulated, multi-drug delivery vehicles”, MSC transitions: ostegenic, trophic and immunomodulatory, MSCs are not stromal cells. They are not part of the connective tissue, The name of the MSC has changed. It is a “Medicinal Signaling Cell” and has nothing whatsoever to do with “stem-ness”, Cell plasticity, transdifferentiation in the mesengenic process.